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YONKERS April 13th smokestack If America has a future left in the metropolitan New York area, it can be here, where Japanese engineers have retooled an abandoned factory to manufacture New York subway cars and New Jersey.
The plant, a former factory Otis Elevator, was filled to its rafters by Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. of Tokyo with hydraulic presses, assembly lines and the latest manufacturing technology.
With contracts to build and rehabilitate more than 500 cars for the New York City Transit Authority and PATH, it quickly becomes a centerpiece of one of the transport projects in the most ambitious common history of the region.
Along the way, the experts, the Japanese creates blue-collar jobs technically qualified in urban areas where economic growth has been, for over two decades confined in offices, shops, data processors and other service providers.
The spirit of the American worker is different from ours, a Kawasaki engineer and project manager, Tadaharu Ohashi, said it is a bit hard to get up to speed.
However, many officials regard the Yonkers plant as an intercultural experience happened in the right place at the right time Eventually, they hope, the plant will manufacture automotive railway systems and subway across the world.
We are here for the long term, said C. Richard Nelson 2d, a project manager for Nissho Iwai, a major Japanese trading company that financed the plant in a joint venture with Kawasaki Plant, which opened last October, has already sent off his bid to make the railway cars here to Taipei.
The revitalization of this plant is the best thing that ever happened to this city, said Mayor Angelo R Martinelli Yonkers officials are still miffed at United Technologies Corporation, the parent company of Otis Elevator, which closed the plant in 1982 10 years after the city had raised 16 million in public funds to help modernize Otis.
Experts said Kawasaki and Nissho Iwai, with 500 workers here, follow a pattern that has led more than a dozen Japanese companies Toyota -Including, Honda and Nissan - to open factories in Tennessee, California and other US regions.
The Japanese move with their engineers, their attention to detail and focus on quality, according to Martin K Starr, production management professor at the Columbia University Business School Before you know it, they have a market sewed It SA Comment sad.
The plant opened at an opportune time because the railcar manufacturing by US companies slipped into extinction final candidate of the nation in the business, Transit America Inc. of Philadelphia, ended years of conflict work this month providing his last two cars in Chicago and pledging never to make another.
It is a sad commentary on American manufacturing, according to Stephen Berger, general manager of the New York Port Authority and New Jersey.
The Port Authority has purchased the plant in 1985 from United Technologies and rents premises in Kawasaki and small businesses.
We see an opportunity in Yonkers to restore technology, worker training and employment, M. Berger said of France and Quebec.
Certainly, the success of the plant remains to be seen whether it can meet in New York, its cars have to go with what may gather classify themselves as, users of the most abused subway, and the skeptics of the world.
Other foreign manufacturers of railway rolling stock have won major contracts Transportation Authority Canadian firm, Bombardier, 825 cars made in Quebec and assembling them in Vermont Amrail Westinghouse, a French company, is 425 cars south Paris and assemble them in Brooklyn.
So far, Kawasaki has received high marks in a previous contract, he made 325 subway cars in Japan that are in use on the IRT, and they proved to be the most reliable new cars delivered so far according to the Transit Authority engineers.
In Yonkers, Kawasaki employed more than technical skills; he brought his own Japanese machinery Three towering hydraulic presses, drilling machines and shear, rotary template mammoth -used turning his head all the subway cars down - and other industrial equipment were shipped by the last year Tokyo 30 engineers of Japan to meet tight production deadlines, Kawasaki has hired most of its work force by a labor contract with General Electric Company of Japan Thirty engineers manage operations.
Because the plant has contracted most of its work force, the Japanese techniques as tying pay to balance the productivity of the plant are not used M. Ohashi said one problem was that workers had a temporary attitude .
As a condition of the lease, Kawasaki also hired and trained 100 low-income, low-skilled people in the city He has also created jobs for more highly skilled workers who had worked for Otis Salaries on the floor of the range of factory 8 to 15 an hour.
When Otis closed, I thought it was the end, said Allen King, a heavy crane operator, who with his father and four brothers, lost his job when Otis closed in 1982 critical need for skills.
Experts said that the success of the plant was important to the region because two decades of declining heavy industries forced many skilled workers to leave or change their career in New York, the jobs of plant decreased by 15 percent since 1979, according to the federal Department of labor.
Provide qualified industrial jobs is crucial, said M. Berger, the private sector is going to need skills, and so us.
M. Ohashi says Kawasaki and Nissho Iwai planned to replace most Japanese managers and engineers - some of them speak English - with US officials.
The two Japanese companies now have contracts for the Trans-Hudson system and Port Authority subway cars that will provide enough work to keep assembly lines rolling three-year lease on the plant operates at least 10 years, which means that more work needs to be found rehabilitation contracts.
An important source could be additional contracts Transit Authority to refurbish metro cars.
The agency has signed contracts with several companies - including Sumitomo, another Japanese company that does the job in Elmira, NY - to rehabilitate 1,500 cars But the authority said, in 2730 more cars must be rebuilt before the improvements subway ended in 1991.
Even beyond the improvements, the authority said it plans to order 200 new cars per year.
those responsible for the Transit Authority said that all work would be purchased through competitive bids, but Kawasaki and Nissho Iwai, with the only factory in the United States capable of making cars from the start on the ground, can have an upper hand.
We are not in the business to ensure that economic growth goes in Yonkers, the General Council of the authority, Steven Polan said, but it is true that everyone who is trying to set up a new railcar plant in the United States will be a disadvantage because Kawasaki is already there.
Photo Kawasaki employees working on a subway car New York Times Alan Zale; Photo of building subway cars NYT Alan Zale.
At Yonkers KAWASAKI OFFERS HOPE, Yonkers, Kawasaki, hope, Nissho Iwai Kawasaki.
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